古代筷子套设想中的视觉表现因素

yi、kuaizitaoshexiangshuohuashufadequantixing

baozhuangshexiangzhongdeshijueyinsushiwaixing、goutu、secai、tuan、wenyanghezitidezongheshexiang。waixingjueyibaozhuangdegugewenti，goutubiaoxianbaozhuangdelongtongqigai，secaidaibiaobaozhuangdejinglimiankong，zitijianjiekuaizibaozhuangjichangjiafanyingbaozhuangdeneirongshizhi。shiyi，baozhuangshexiangdegoutu、secai、zitiyingtongshitingzhigouxiang，huweibuchong，daodawaixinggongxiaohua，goutuchugehua，secaibaofuhua，bimolongtonghua，bingzhizubaozhuangsuojubeidemixinshiyong、yaguandayi、benqiananggui、youhezuolisigeqianti。shenglidebaozhuangshexiangchangchangnengdaodasanzhongjieguo：yuanjieguozhuyishirenzhushi；jinjieguozhuyirerenrusheng；jiuxiaokuaizibaozhuangjichuchanchangjiaguo——yinxiangshenru。tongshi，shenglidebaozhuangkuaizibaozhuangjigongsishexiangyoubixujubeiwugegenjidian：①huojiayinxiang：haodeshexiangnengshishangpinzaihuojiashangduizhuguqizheqiangwulidexishouganhua；②keduxing：baozhuangshangdebimoyaoqingchuyidu，chanwushenmingyaojianlvejianjie，yimumingle；③biaomiantuan：

biaomiantuanyaoyaguanfengya，duomu、yuyixingqiangerfuyouyishuxingnenglishengli；④shangbiaoyinxiang：shangbiaoyaojianlianqingchu，yikanjiunenggouliuxiashenrudeyinxiang；⑤gongxiaoteseshenming：shangpindegongxiao、tese、kaibaotili、zhengshishibiandengyeyaoyongjianlvemingledetuwenbiaoxianchulai。jubeishangshuwugegenjidiandeshexiang，huishihuafeizheaibushishou。shiyi，zaibaozhuangshexiangdejinchengzhongqishoubixuzhengshishexianggeyinsudequantiganxi。

 er、shexiangzhongdebimo

 baozhuangshangbimobaohanshangbiaopinming、shangpinxinghao、guigechengfen、shumupihao、yongchuyiyang、caozongtili、chuchandanyuanhepinyinhuowaiwendeng，zheixiexianrongshangpin、xuanyangshangpinbukepinfadeshouyaojubu，bifanghuagong、yibiao、yaopin、shiwu、jiqi、wenjiaoyongpinshouyaokaobimolaibianren，shenmingbimoshibaozhuangzhongdeyigeshouyaojubu。

bimozuoweiyizhongzhuanghuangshouwanzaishexiangzhongyouchouhuashangpindeyisi，tayingdangyibiaoxianshangpintezhengweiqianti。bimodezhuanghuangchuzhishouwangebie，yonglailianxishangpinqingyihuanqizhugudegongshi、shexiangheyingxiang，caozongdedanghainengyiqiaoqusheng，shirenganyingbiekaishengmian。zhixuanzhaoshangpindetezhengtingzhiheqinggongdaodeshexiang，buguanlianxibiedeqingshirengshilingdingcaozong，dounengbiaoxianchubaozhuangtexinghegeleixinyi。

zanmenjudadezhonghuaminzuyouzhejiqianniandewenmingyichan，chuantongdehanzishufazishenbianshiyizhongyishu。zuijinjinianlai，woguobushaobimozuoweibaozhuangshexiangzhutidezuopinyehuoshengli，chugeshibendihuo、teseliwuyilei，yonghanzishufazuozhuanghuang，youdejiashangyinzhang、guhua，jiliedixianxianchuleminzuqigai。zanmenzonglanribendebaozhuangzhuanghuangshexiang，nenggoukandaoshufabaozhuangzairibenyehenshifengxing。zongeryanzhi，yingdangchongshibiangengbimozhuanghuangmeidegongxiaolaijinbuhefengshuoshexiangjieguo。

san、maoyipaizhaodeyingyong

shangpinbaozhuangbuzhiyingdangzaihuojiashangjiaozhedisaiguohezuodishou，tongshiyingdangminjiedifanyingshangpindeneirong。zaishiwu、boliqimin、taocichengpin、jingcaigongpin、wanjudengfangmian，renmenyulaiyuduodizhengshi“bizhende”longtong，zhugukongyindidanyuanjingyouguochengbaozhuang，yimuminglecizhongdexianshichanwulongtong。ruoshibaozhuangbunengdayi，zhugujiubuhuibatalinxuanchulai，yebianshishuo，ruoshibuyidedangtilixianxianbaozhuangdeneirongwu，gaishangpinyejiuzhizhibulile。

gudaiguojishichangshangyingyongmaoyipaizhaoshouwandebaozhuangshexiangriquzengjia。tashiyingguojishichangshangzizhushifamaitilidexianxianhechengzhang，shiyinglezhuguqingqiu“shizaidi”linghuichanwudexinsi，shiyingleshehuihuadachanyechuchandeqingqiu。shibaozhuangshexiangdehuamianjubeizhiguan、jisu、jingquedifanyingneihanwu，bingjiuqilongtong、zhigan、secaidaodawanshandejingjie，naizhichaoyueyuanyouchanwudedibu。gudaishouyiheriquchengzhangdedianzizhibanyinshuagongyi，yiweibaozhuangshijuezhuandashexianggongjilebibizhenshufashiwugenggaodewuzishouwan，jiashangshexiangdeqimiaogouxiang，shishangpinbao。zhuanggengfuyoumeili。

si、shexiangzhongdelongtonghuamian

jienalongtongdeshexiangshouwanlaibiaoxianjuanyan、yaopin、xiangzao、yagao、xiyifen、kuangquanshui、diaoweipin、xinliyanshuidengzheixietedingshangpindeneirong，yishijinchaotianxiadeshangbaozhuanggudaishexiangdemingxiantese。fuyugudaimei，qingshiganhenjiliedelongtongtuxingbaozhuangqingyiweirenmensuojieguan，jibianyouxiekejuxiangtuxingbiaoxiandeshangpin，shexiangzheweixunqiubaozhuangdeshijuejieguodechabiehegudaimeigan，yechangchangjienalongtongshexiang。

genzhemixinshouyideriquchengzhang，jijiaojiyibianjiyingyongyugegefanchou，zheixiegudaishouyishouwansuofashenghuoxianxiandegeleiteyidefazehebufazededuoshaowenyanghuamiandechugejieguo，jubeifeitongpingchangdeduoshaoxingzhuanggan、bufazesekuaigan、chugelitigan、shenyuangandeng，jienazheileilongtongshuohua，yimouzhongjixiangyoubuxiangdeshijuejieguo，dizaochuchugedeshijuejieguo，longtongdibiaoxiandianbo、shengbo、pinci、zhenfu、nengliangdelihe，wuzidehuaheyufenhuadengbukeshizhishiwu。congerdaodashufashangpinneihande“keshiguanganshou。”

guran，longtongtuxingzaibaozhuangshangyeyoumeiyouyidingyisidechunzhuanghuangxingganhua，danputongshijubeiyidingjiyideshexiang。qigongxiaochujirenmenyigudaimeiganyiwai，haidizaoyizhongjieguohanxuerfuyouyijing，nengshirenfashengyushangpinxianggandexiaxiang，shenglidishufashangpindeneihanyisi。

wu、shexiangzhongdehuihua、katong、kuadabianxingshouwan   

genzhebaozhuangshexiangdechengzhang，nangxichangchangjienadehuihua、katong、kuadabianxingshouwanshexiangdebaozhuangshibushilingyoushiyongdaijia?chugeshimaoyipaizhaohezhibanyinshuachengduriqujinbudemingtian，gudaibaozhuangshexiangfangfopinfabulebizhendeheisezhaopian。fangfohuihuaqingshiyiluokonglexianshigongxiao。danyuedutianxialieguodejinkuangbaozhuang，baohanyixiemingpaibaozhuang，douhaizaichongshicaozonghuihua、katong、kuadabianxingshouwandeguangmoshexiangli、biaoxianlilaixunqiuyixieshangpinbaozhuangdetedingzhutihetexingte�biaohechachatili,jiaotashidiwanjubaozhuang、taikongrenyouxijibaozhuangzhongshexiangderenwu、guhaojie，dinglishidenglongtongdoubunengjingyouguochengpaizhaoheqiyuqingshilaibiaoxian，erzhinengjiezhuhuihuaqingshilaishufa。tongshihuihuaqingshibushoujiqiqiantidexianding，bushoushichen、kongjiandeshufu，jubeiduoyangdebiantongxing，jikegaoduxieshi（yingyonggeleihuazhongdexieshitili）yekegaodujianhua，gengkeqimiaokuada。anzhaoshangpindeneirongxuyaoheshexianggouxiangdexuyao，chongshichanyangshexiangzhededizaonengli。ergeleiyishushouwandebiaoxianliyoukequdeqianchawanbiedeshijuejieguo。

liu、shexiangzhongdesecaichuzhi

dangzhugujinruhuanhuixuangouchanwudeshichen，secaichangchangqishoujinrushixian，meihaodetidesecai，nenggenghaodixuanyangchanwu，chouhuaqingkuang，xuntaorenmendexinling，zheibianshisecaideqilibiaoxian。baozhuangsecaideyingyongshitongquanbuhuamianshexiangdegouxiang、goutushenmijieqiazhede。baozhuangdesecaiqingqiulitihua、yunzhenghua。zheishiduisecaideguolv、tilianhegaodudeguinazonghe。qingqiuzaiputongshijuesecaidegenbenshang，chanyanggengdadeshexiang。tayirenmendejieqiaheduisecaidexiqiweianzhao，tingzhigaodudekuadahebianse，shibaozhuangyishudeyizhongnashou，tongshibaozhuangshexiangdesecai，haibixushougongyi、ziliao、yongchu、famaididengdengdexianzhi。

baozhuangshexiangdezhusecai，yinganzhaoneirongwulaizhenzhuo，nenggouyishangpindeguyouseweichufadian，jienajiaqianghuoxueruodeshouwan，huoduizhao、huoxiediao，yigenghaodetuqishangpindexuanyangjieguo，jiaqiangshangpindehezuonengli。 baozhuanghuamianchangchangyidisezuoweizhusecailaichuzhishibinihanjiande。huamianshangdeqiyusecaixuanzhaozhudiaolaidedangzhipei，geziweizhandesecaichuzhiyidinghuixianxianpangzadebibing，neijiumeifatuqizhuti，luokongquantigan。tebiezaihuamianshangxianxianduizhaoseshi，neijiuyaozhengshiergeduizhaosezhijian，mianjijuxibuyaotaifenqile，chunduhuomingduyebuyitaikaojinle，shiqidaodajiyouduizhao（baohansexiang、mingdu、chunduduizhao），youyoutongyideganshou。ouranzaiduizhaosezhijianbuyizuoxueruochuzhishi，yikecaiyongyonghei、bai、jin、yin、huidengzhongxingsejiayigoubianlaichuzhi，jijianchileduizhaodesexiangduizhao，youdaodalexiediaotongyidejieguo。